Heart Disease in our body

Author: Dr. April Davall

Human body is a complex machine. There are many organs in the body and the most important organ is the heart. This helps the person to breathe and live. Heart disease is a commonly used term for a number of different diseases affecting the heart. These may range from coronary, ischemic and inflammatory heart diseases which are diseases of the heart itself; to hypertensive heart disease (caused by high blood pressure) and cardiovascular heart diseases (a general term used for a number of diseases that affect the heart itself and/or the blood vessel system, especially the veins and arteries). Certain heart diseases may also arise due to hereditary factors or due to congenital defects of the heart.

Apart from diseases attributable to the heart itself, there are risk factors which increase the chances of a person developing cardiovascular ailments. Some of these risk factors, like heredity or aging, are beyond a person's control. However other factors like being overweight, leading a sedentary life, having high blood pressure and smoking can certainly be controlled.

Some of the conditions associated with heart diseases are arteriosclerosis (also called hardening of the arteries); atherosclerosis (where arteries get narrow due to build-up - called plaque - of cholesterol and fat) and; angina (where there is pain in the heart due to inadequate blood supply). In extreme cases heart diseases may also lead to an often fatal heart attack (when a blood clot or other blockage cuts blood flow to a part of the heart) or a stroke, when part of the brain does not get adequate blood supply due to a burst blood vessel or a clot.

Medical science has found many high-tech, and often expensive, methods for treating heart diseases. These are mostly invasive techniques. However, the common adage that 'prevention is better than cure' holds true for heart diseases too, particularly for atherosclerotic cardiac disease which is the greatest killer. Some of these preventive measures are diet and life-style changes to control high blood pressure (which makes the heart work harder); control diabetes (which increases chances of getting heart disease); cholesterol and triglycerides (which clog arteries) and to maintain a healthy weight.

Symptoms of a serious heart condition or even a heart attack may vary. However, common warning signals can be pain or discomfort in the chest or other areas of the upper body including arms, back, neck, stomach and jaw; shortness of breath; feeling of faintness; cold sweat; nausea etc. The symptoms may vary. Hence, when in doubt, it is advisable to call for emergency assistance, preferably within a span of five minutes.

About the author:

Dr. April Davall is SEO of mecholesterol.com, her goal is to give you good and helpful information about heart disease and cholesterol. You can learn and print out almost anything about heart disease and cholesterol, all is free.


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Scientific Research shows Juices can Reduce Cholesterol and Prevent Heart Disease.

Author: Deborah Joy

Heart disease effects many of us in the UK, more so than in many other countries, but there is a strong possibility that this could be changed simply by changing our attitude towards food and consuming more juice.

The term 'heart disease' includes several conditions such from Congenital heart defects seen at birth to atherosclerosis (hardened arteries) that develop later. It is a complex issue with several inter-related factors. Hardening of the arteries and angina are a result of the inner walls of the bodies arteries narrowing due to a build up of plaque (fat, LDL cholesterol and other substances). Plaque build up is increased in people who have high levels LDL (bad) cholesterol and low levels HDL (good) cholesterol. Oxidation of excess LDL cholesterol results in an increase of plaque. The HDL cholesterol helps to prevent the LDL cholesterol from increasing the plaque, moving it instead to the liver. Plaque build up alone may be enough to cause pain (angina) or heart attack. However, if the plaque is ruptured or torn it can block the artery causing a coronary thrombosis (heart attack). Atherosclerosis can also be caused by inappropriate platelet activation causing the platelets in the blood to clot.

Grape Juice inhibits Atherosclerosis

Many of us will have seen news items claiming red wine helps to keep our hearts healthy. This is due to a substance in the grapes that used to make the wine known as polyphenols. However, recent tests have shown that although less polyphenols are present in grape juice than red wine, grape juice is better at inhibiting atherosclerosis

Purple Grape juice has also been found to help patients with coronary artery disease due to significantly improving the function of the cells (endothelial) lining the hardened arteries as well inhibiting inappropriate platelet activation

Purple grape juice's action as a potent platelet inhibitor is important as Platelets are involved in the development of Atherosclerosis

Other research has shown grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts reducing Atherosclerosis by up to 50% in animals.

Although that study was for grape seed extract alone, other studies have shown that the combination of grape seed extract and grape skin, as you would find in the juice, is more effective

Juices Reduce Cholesterol
Pomegranate juice also offers wide protection against cardiovascular diseases6 and has been shown to reduce cholesterol build up in plaque and reduce the development of atherosclerosis

In laboratory tests orange juice has been found to lower cholesterol and significantly inhibit atherosclerosis

A 750ml serving of orange juice daily has been shown to decreased the LDL-HDL cholesterol ratio by 16% in tests on people

Tests on smokers has shown that carrot and orange juice combined significantly susceptibility of LDL to oxidation (the process that increases plaque). As little as 330 mL of tomato juice has also been shown to significantly reduce LDL oxidation

Adding garlic to vegetable juices takes some getting used to, but garlic has also been shown to decrease bad LDL cholesterol while increase HDL cholesterol as well as reducing LDL oxidation

Plant sterols and stanols found in high quantities in veg like broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower have been found to reduce LDL cholesterol

One report says around 2g per day of plant sterol ester can decrease LDL cholesterol levels from 9% to 20%

Ginger has also been shown to significantly reduce LDL cholesterol and abnormal cell tissues (Aortic atherosclerotic lesion) in the arteries around the heart. With so much evidence proving the benefits of fruit and vegetable juices why on earth would we not want to include them in our diet?


1. Atherosclerosis. 2001 May;156(1):67-72. Red wine, dealcoholized red wine, and especially grape juice, inhibit atherosclerosis in a hamster model. Vinson JA, Teufel K, Wu N. Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Linden and Monroe Streets,

2. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;505:95-111. Potential health benefits from the flavonoids in grape products on vascular disease. Folts JD. Coronary Thrombosis Research Laboratory, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, USA.

3. J Nutr. 2000 Jan;130(1):53-6. Grape juice, but not orange juice or grapefruit juice, inhibits human platelet aggregation. Keevil JG, Osman HE, Reed JD, Folts JD. Cardiology Section of Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA.

4. ol Cell Biochem. 2002 Nov;240(1-2):99-103. Beneficial effects of a novel IH636 grape seed proanthocyanidin extract and a niacin-bound chromium in a hamster atherosclerosis model. Vinson JA, Mandarano MA, Shuta DL, Bagchi M, Bagchi D. Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA.

5. J Nutr. 2002 Dec;132(12):3592-8. Grape seed and grape skin extracts elicit a greater antiplatelet effect when used in combination than when used individually in dogs and humans. Shanmuganayagam D, Beahm MR, Osman HE, Krueger CG, Reed JD, Folts JD. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53792, USA.

6. Atherosclerosis. 2001 Sep;158(1):195-8. Pomegranate juice consumption inhibits serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity and reduces systolic blood pressure. Aviram M, Dornfeld L. The Lipid Research Laboratory, Technion Faculty of Medicine, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, 31096 Haifa, Israel.

7. J Nutr Biochem. 2005 Sep;16(9):570-6. Pomegranate juice inhibits oxidized LDL uptake and cholesterol biosynthesis in macrophages. Fuhrman B, Volkova N, Aviram M. Lipid Research Laboratory, Technion Faculty of Medicine, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 31096, Israel.

8. J Nutr. 2001 Aug;131(8):2082-9. Pomegranate juice supplementation to atherosclerotic mice reduces macrophage lipid peroxidation, cellular cholesterol accumulation and development of atherosclerosis. Kaplan M, Hayek T, Raz A, Coleman R, Dornfeld L, Vaya J, Aviram M. The Lipid Research Laboratory, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences and Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 31096, Israel.

9. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;505:113-22. Polyphenol antioxidants in citrus juices: in vitro and in vivo studies relevant to heart disease. Vinson JA, Liang X, Proch J, Hontz BA, Dancel J, Sandone N. Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, PA 18510-4626, USA.

10. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Nov;72(5):1095-100. HDL-cholesterol-raising effect of orange juice in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Kurowska EM, Spence JD, Jordan J, Wetmore S, Freeman DJ, Piche LA, Serratore P. Departments of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

11. Clin Chem. 2000 Nov;46(11):1818-29. Influence of increased fruit and vegetable intake on plasma and lipoprotein carotenoids and LDL oxidation in smokers and nonsmokers. Chopra M, O'Neill ME, Keogh N, Wortley G, Southon S, Thurnham DI. Northern Ireland Centre for Diet and Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, United Kingdom.

12. J Nutr. 2000 Sep;130(9):2200-6. Moderate intervention with carotenoid-rich vegetable products reduces lipid peroxidation in men. Bub A, Watzl B, Abrahamse L, Delincee H, Adam S, Wever J, Muller H, Rechkemmer G. Institute of Nutritional Physiology, Federal Research Centre for Nutrition, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

13. Lipids. 1998 Oct;33(10):981-4. Tomato lycopene and low density lipoprotein oxidation: a human dietary intervention study. Agarwal S, Rao AV. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

14. J Nutr. 2001 Mar;131(3s):994S-9S. Study of garlic extracts and fractions on cholesterol plasma levels and vascular reactivity in cholesterol-fed rats. Slowing K, Ganado P, Sanz M, Ruiz E, Tejerina T. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

15. J Nutr. 2001 Mar;131(3s):985S-8S. Suppression of LDL oxidation by garlic. Lau BH. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.

16. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2000 Dec;11(6):571-6. Therapeutic potential of plant sterols and stanols. Plat J, Kerckhoffs DA, Mensink RP. Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

17. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Jan;75(1):79-86. An increase in dietary carotenoids when consuming plant sterols or stanols is effective in maintaining plasma carotenoid concentrations. Noakes M, Clifton P, Ntanios F, Shrapnel W, Record I, McInerney J. CSIRO Health Sciences and Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia.

18. Circulation. 2001 Feb 27;103(8):1177-9. AHA Science Advisory. Stanol/sterol ester-containing foods and blood cholesterol levels. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association. Lichtenstein AH, Deckelbaum RJ.

19. J Nutr. 2000 May;130(5):1124-31. Ginger extract consumption reduces plasma cholesterol, inhibits LDL oxidation and attenuates development of atherosclerosis in atherosclerotic, apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Fuhrman B, Rosenblat M, Hayek T, Coleman R, Aviram M. Lipid Research Laboratory, Technion Faculty of Medicine, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences and Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.

About the author:
Deborah writes on a variety of health, beauty and wellness topics. Visit http://www.pureskincare.co.uk for more information on the issues discussed. A range of top quality can also be seen on the website.Note to Publishers: You may freely republish this article as is


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What is Cardiomyopathy?

Author: Li Ming Wong
Cardiomyopathy is a serious disease in which the heart muscle becomes inflamed and doesn't work as well as it should. There may be multiple causes including viral infections.
People used to assume that only the elderly had heart disease or heart attacks. That is not the case as heart disease can strike before birth and any age in life. Heart disease covers a wide range of health conditions relating to the heart and all its systems.
Cardiomyopathy is classified as primary or secondary. Primary cardiomyopathy is not given specific causes, such as high blood pressure, heart valve disease or congenital heart defects. Secondary cardiomyopathy is due to specific causes. It is often associated with diseases involving other organs plus the heart.
Dilated (congestive) Cardiomyopathy is the most common form. The heart cavity is enlarged and stretched (cardiac dilation). The heart is weak and doesn't pump normally, with many patients developing congestive heart failure. Abnormal heart rhythms and disturbances in the heart's electrical conduction also may occur.
Blood flows more slowly through an enlarged heart, so blood clots easily form. A blood clot that forms in an artery or the heart is called a thrombus. A clot that breaks free circulates in the bloodstream and blocks a small blood vessel is called an embolus. These clots are dangerous and can cause other systems plus their organs to become sick. For example, blood clots that form in the heart's left side may become dislodged and carried into the body's circulation to form cerebral emboli in the brain, renal emboli in the kidney, peripheral emboli or even coronary artery emboli.
Cardiomyopathy literally means "heart muscle disease" (The deterioration of the function of the myocardium (i.e., the actual heart muscle) for any reason). People with Cardiomyopathy are often at risk of arrhythmia and possibly sudden cardiac death (heart attack).
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Heart Disease Guide

Author: Suresh U Vatakethil

A practical guide to the understanding & prevention of heart disease
Smoking and Heart Disease
Cigarette smoking is a major cause of heart diseases, such as heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.
Some Heart Disease Facts Due to Smoking:
  • Tobacco contains more then 4,000 chemicals, many are known to be poisonous. - Nicotine increases blood pressure, because the carbon monoxide makes the heart beat faster and takes the place of oxygen in the blood. - Tar in tobacco causes cancer, which can be a fatal disease. - Smoking for long periods of time will cause artery clogging, which in turn leads to heart attacks from overworking the heart by reducing its oxygen supply. It also makes clots more likely to form in the blood vessels increasing the risk of potentially fatal changes in the heart beat.
  • Those who are regular, long-time smokers have a 70% greater risk of death from coronary heart disease than non-smokers. - 80% of new smokers are children and adolescents who are trying to copy a parent or other hero figure. Passive smoking can cause heart disease, and those who do not smoke directly but inhale smoke from others are at direct risk, as well.
  • Living with an active smoker increases one's risk of heart disease by 30%. - Inhaling smoke is especially dangerous for children and unborn babies (pregnant women) and can lead to low birth weight babies, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, and middle ear infection. Stop Smoking to Improve Your Health and Increase Your Life Span Many choose smoking to cope with stress, loose weight, because of poor self-esteem, or simply to fit in the friend's circle by looking 'cool.' Most of the first time smokers get their first cigarette from someone else or find it readily available in the house from a smoking parent. Here are some great reasons to stop smoking now:
  • Smoking causes heart disease, which can lead to a heart attack. - Your smoking can cause the same bad effects on your family and friends around you who don't smoke.
  • Save money from not buying cigarettes - if you do the math, depending on how much you smoke, you are looking at couple of thousand dollars a year.
Getting Help
If you think you cannot do it with just plain will power and/or if you are a heavy smoker, get help before you start so you can successfully quit the habit.
  • Check with your doctor first and see what course of action he/she recommends. - Nicotine patch/pills/chewing gums are a great substitute.

  • Try to quit along with a friend or a group. Cigarette smoking can cause you to die early and those who live close to you to inhale the smoke - that in itself should be reason enough to quit. Enjoy a healthy life and offer clean air to your family and friends - quit smoking today.
Preventing Heart Disease
Doctor Approved Ways to Prevent Heart Disease
Today's modern medicine has made great strides in determining the causes of heart diseases, as well as ways to treat and prevent it. Just fifty years ago, most people didn't go to the doctor unless they were sick, and the medical profession itself didn't really warn its patients about heart disease, unless the person showed serious signs of it or had a close family member with the disease. Now, thankfully, a much more pro-active approach is taken by both the patient and the doctor in preventing heart disease, as well as treating it.
An Ounce of Prevention
Perhaps one of the best ways to prevent heart disease is to change the patient's outlook on diet and exercise. It has been shown, time and time again, by such medical groups as the American Medical Association and the American Heart Association that a diet low in fat and low in calories is a great way to lower a person's cholesterol, which is a major risk factor when it comes to heart disease. Add to that a regular doctor approved exercise routine and regular monitoring by the family doctor, and you will be an active participant in the battle to prevent heart disease.
One thing to always remember, of course, is that you and your doctor should be a team in the challenge to prevent heart disease. Routine monitoring of such things as your blood pressure, cholesterol level, general weight and health, as well as indications of other diseases that might complicate the situation are all very important things that both you and your chosen medical professional should be on the look out for. So, even if you're not overly concerned about preventing heart disease, see your doctor on a regular basis and talk with them. Depending on what is uncovered, you can possibly get a head
start on your race to prevent heart disease.
When Exercise and Diet Aren't Enough
While good diet and regular exercise are great ways to help prevent heart disease, sometimes they simply aren't enough. Occasionally, your doctor will prescribe different medicines, to help with the battle. The most common ones are those that either help regulate and lower high blood pressure or help the body process and lower the concentrations of cholesterol. Whether or not prescription drugs are needed for your situation should be decided after a serious consultation with your doctor and some monitoring of your health and lifestyle. There are many drugs out there to help prevent heart disease, and your doctor can discuss all the options available.
Trying to prevent heart disease is definitely something that should be on the forefront of everyone's mind. It is one of the leading killers of both men and women in the United States today. By working with your doctor, and following a sensible low fat diet and exercise plan, your efforts to prevent heart disease will not be in vain.
Heart Disease treatment
Heart Disease Treatment Options
Heart disease includes plaque-blocked arteries, congenital conditions, arrhythmia, and diseases of the actual heart muscle. Whether heart disease is detected early or not revealed until after heart failure, doctors have many kinds of remedies and treatments to reduce the risks of further heart disease. Broadly defined, there are three categories of heart disease treatment.
Take Two and Call Me in the Morning
If your heart is beating too quickly, or if the arteries around it contract tightly, the heart will be overtaxed, like revving an engine that's in park. Doctors prescribe three classes of pills called nitrates, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers to let the heart run efficiently. Each of these types of heart disease treatments help the heart to beat regularly and slowly, or expand the arteries in the area of the heart so that blood flow is more regular.
Everyone has seen TV ads promoting Aspirin to thin the blood and reduce the risk of blood clots causing blocked arteries. While Aspirin does diminish the blood's ability to form clots, other drugs fight cholesterol, which can form plaque in the arteries and lead to heart failure. These drugs are usually simply called cholesterol reducing drugs or are part of a subcategory called statins.
As always, if your doctor prescribes medicine, remember to ask plenty of questions about what the drug is and what it does.
Scalpel, Please
When clogged cardiac arteries are life threatening, heart disease treatment can mean going into surgery. Some surgeries will clear the plaque in the arteries by cleaning or grinding it away or inflating a balloon in the arteries to break up the plaque. Bypass surgeries take a large blood vessel from elsewhere in the body and graft it to the blocked artery so blood can pass to the heart.
Surgeries for other conditions include implanting a pacemaker into the heart to treat arrhythmia, and doctors can transplant aortic valves into a patient whose valve has stopped functioning properly. In case no heart disease treatment is possible, such as in infants born with heart defects, artificial hearts do exist, though they are only a temporary solution until a heart transplant can be performed.
Treat The Whole System
Of course, before your heart gets desperate enough to need drugs or surgery, look to the risk factors you can control. Don't smoke; control your cholesterol so that plaque never gets a chance to clog your arteries; and exercise regularly, most days in a week, to keep your heart muscles healthy. Then maybe you might never need to know about heart disease treatment.